References

  1. Elliot JW. The operative relief of gangrene of intestine due to
    occlusion of the mesenteric vessels. Ann Surg 1895;21:9-23.
  2. Warren S, Eberhard TP. Mesenteric venous thrombosis. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1935;61:102-121.
  3. Grendell JH, Ockner RK. Mesenteric venous thrombosis. Gastroenterology 1982;82:358-372.[Medline]
  4. Naitove A, Weismann RE. Primary mesenteric venous thrombosis. Ann Surg 1965;161:516-523.
  5. Abdu RA, Zakhour BJ, Dallis DJ. Mesenteric venous thrombosis — 1911 to 1984. Surgery 1987;101:383-388.[Medline]
  6. Kaleya RN, Boley SJ. Mesenteric venous thrombosis. In: Najarian JS, Delaney JP, eds. Progress in gastrointestinal surgery. Chicago: Year Book Medical, 1989:417-25.
  7. Harward TR, Green D, Bergan JJ, Rizzo RJ, Yao JS. Mesenteric venous thrombosis. J Vasc Surg 1989;9:328-333.[Medline]
  8. Boley SJ, Kaleya RN, Brandt LJ. Mesenteric venous thrombosis. Surg Clin North Am 1992;72:183-201.[Medline]
  9. Rhee RY, Gloviczki P, Mendonca CT, et al. Mesenteric venous thrombosis: still a lethal disease in the 1990s. J Vasc Surg 1994;20:688-697.[Medline]
  10. Tomchik FS, Wittenberg J, Ottinger LW. The roentgenographic spectrum of bowel infarction. Radiology 1970;96:249-260.[Medline]
  11. Kidambi H, Herbert R, Kidambi AV. Ultrasonic demonstration of superior mesenteric and splenoportal venous thrombosis. J Clin Ultrasound 1986;14:199-201.[Medline]
  12. Vogelzang RL, Gore RM, Anschuetz SL, Blei AT. Thrombosis of the splanchnic veins: CT diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1988;150:93-96.[Medline]
  13. Clark RA, Gallant TE. Acute mesenteric ischemia: angiographic spectrum. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1984;142:555-562.[Medline]
  14. Haddad MC, Clark DC, Sharif HS, al Shahed M, Aideyan O, Sammak BM. MR, CT, and ultrasonography of splanchnic venous thrombosis. Gastrointest Radiol 1992;17:34-40.[Medline]
  15. Mathews JE, White RR. Primary mesenteric venous occlusive disease. Am J Surg 1971;122:579-583.[Medline]
  16. Wiersema MJ, Chak A, Kopecky KK, Wiersema LM. Duplex Doppler endosonography in the diagnosis of splenic vein, portal vein, and portosystemic shunt thrombosis. Gastrointest Endosc 1995;42:19-26.[Medline]
  17. Khodadadi J, Rozencwajg J, Nacasch N, Schmidt B, Feuchtwanger MM. Mesenteric vein thrombosis: the importance of a second-look operation. Arch Surg 1980;115:315-317.[Medline]
  18. Levy PJ, Krausz MM, Manny J. The role of second-look procedure in improving survival time for patients with mesenteric venous thrombosis. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1990;170:287-291.[Medline]
  19. Inahara T. Acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis: treatment by thrombectomy. Ann Surg 1971;174:956-961.[Medline]
  20. Condat B, Pessione F, Hillaire S, et al. Current outcome of portal vein thrombosis in adults: risk and benefit of anticoagulant therapy. Gastroenterology 2001;120:490-497.[Abstract/Full Text]
  21. al Karawi MA, Quaiz M, Clark D, Hilali A, Mohamed AE, Jawdat M. Mesenteric vein thrombosis, non-invasive diagnosis and follow-up (US + MRI), and non-invasive therapy by streptokinase and anticoagulants. Hepatogastroenterology 1990;37:507-509.[Medline]
  22. Robin P, Gruel Y, Lang M, Lagarrigue F, Scotto JM. Complete thrombolysis of mesenteric vein occlusion with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator. Lancet 1988;1:1391-1391.
  23. Jona J, Cummins GM Jr, Head HB, Govostis MC. Recurrent primary mesenteric venous thrombosis. JAMA 1974;227:1033-1035.[Medline]
  24. Norton ID, Andrews JC, Kamath PS. Management of ectopic varices. Hepatology 1998;28:1154-1158.[Full Text]
  25. D’Cruz AJ, Kamath PS, Ramachandra C, Jalihal A. Non-conventional portosystemic shunts in children with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1995;37:17-20.[Medline]